Process for reducing garbage.



J. W. ALTIGK & W. T. WUIGHET.

PROCESS FOR REDUCING GARBAGE.

APPLICATION FILED 0013.11, 1909.

Patented July 26, 1910.

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J. W. ALTIGK & W. T. WUIGHET.

PROCESS FOR REDUCING GARBAGE. A'rrmoulon' FILED 00T.11, 1909.

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" IMI PROCESS FOR REDUCING GARBAGE. APPLICATION FILED OUT 11 1909 j 2)VIII/Ill J. W. ALTIGK & W. T. WUIGHET.

J. W. ALTIGK & w. T. WUICHBT.

PROGESS FOR REDUCING GARBAGE.

APPLIOATION FILED 00T.l-1, 1909.

Patented July 26, 191.0.

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JAMES W. ALTICK AND WILLIAM T. WUICI-IET, OF DAYTON, OHIO.

PROCESS FOR REDUCING GARBAGE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 26, 1910.

Application filed October 11, 1909. Serial No. 522,153.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JAMES W. ALTIoK and VVILLIAM T. VVUIGI-IET,citizens of the United States, residing at Dayton, in the county ofMontgomery and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Processes for Reducing Garbage; and we do declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention,such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains tomake and use the same, reference being had to the ac companyingdrawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon,which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in process of reducing garbagepreparatory to extracting the grease therefrom for commercial purposes.

The object of the invention is to devise a process which will separatethe inorganic matter such as iron, various other metallic substances,crockery, dishes, etc., from the organic matter without the aid ofmanual labor and to thus expedite the handling of the garbage, andprotect and preserve the grinder.

A further object of the invention is to devise a process through whichthe garbage is reduced to a condition for a thorough extraction of thegrease.

Referring to the accompanying drawin s, Figure 1 is a diagrammatic Viewshowing t 1e apparatus as used in the different stages of reducinggarbage to pulp and separating the foreign substances such as iron, tin,china,

etc., therefrom. Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the separator wherein theforeign substance or substances are separated from the garbage. Fig. 3is a longitudinal vertical sectional elevation through the separator.Fig. 4 is a sectional View on the line bb of Fig. 3, showing theconstruction of the elevator drag board. Fig. 5 is a detail view of oneof the agitators of the separator. Fig. 6 is a top plan view of thegrinder or heater. Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the same with the frontside removed. Fig. 8 is a sectional view, enlarged, on the line aa ofFig. 1.

Referring to Figs. 1, 2 and 3, 1 designates a rectangular tankconstructed of wood or any suitable material, in which are pivotallymounted at 2, a multiplicity of inclined vibrating bars 3 which areabout six inches apart and lie substantially parallel. The

outer or upper ends of this series of bars extend above the mouth of thetank and engage a series of cams 4 projecting from a shaft 5. The shaft5 is driven by a belt 6 from a shaft 23 to be again referred to, and thecams 4L impart to the outer ends of said bars 3 an upward verticalmovement, said bars falling by their own weight after being released bythe cams and thus subjected to a constant vibration. The garbage or rawmaterial, which contains to a greater or less extent much inorganicforeign substances such as crockery, scraps of iron, tin cans, etc, israked off a platform onto a grid formed of the bar 3, and the continuousrocking or vibratory movement of said bars will separate the organicmaterial, which will fall through openings between the bars onto asuitable number of rocking or tilting tables 8. These tables 8 aremounted on shafts 9 which have bearings in the sides of the tank 1, saidshafts having on their outer ends disks 10 which are connected by links11. The shafts 9 and the tables 8 are rocked by means of a connectingrod 12 which is joined at one end to one of said disks 10 and to a disk13 on the shaft 5 before referred to as the shaft which carries the cams4. The rotation of the shaft 5 will rock the tables 8 through theconnection just described.

In carrying out our improved process of reducing garbage, the garbageproper or raw material is first separated from the inorganic foreignsubstances in a tank of water; secondly, the garbage proper or rawmaterial is agitated after its separation, said agitation taking placein water; thirdly, the pulp is separated from the excessive water, andfourthly, the pulp is brought to a complete state of dryness. The firststage or step in the process takes place in the separator which is nowbeing described. The tank 1 is filled with water, the level thereofbeing regulated by an overflow pipe 14-, said water being utilized as aVehicle for the gar bage which has more or less tendency to float. Whenthe garbage falls upon the tables 8, it slides by gravity off one ontoanother, and the rocking movement of said tables augments the floatingaction of the garbage and prevents the same from falling between thetables 8. Whenever any inorganic or foreign matter such as hereinbeforeindicated, falls on said tables, it slides off to the bottom of the tankwhere it may accumulate to spiders 17 mounted on shafts 18 j ournaled inthe sides of the separator tank 1. On their outer ends the shafts 18 areprovided with pulleys 20 driven by belts 19 (see Fig. 2) and by means ofwhich said agitators are rotated. These agitators rotate at high speedand above the same are mounted semicircular shields 20 "of perforatedmetal or wire mesh which 'serve to prevent the heavy foreign. matterfrom injuring the slats or cross bars of the agitators. Notwithstandingthe garbage has a slight tendency to float, its specific gravity isslightly heavier than water and will therefore gradually sink; owing,however, to the fact that the 'tables8 form an incline, the garbage willgradually work down until it rests upon a late 21 located at the bottomforward end of the tank below the pivots 2 of the bars 3. From thisposition the garbage is removed 5 from the tank through means of a chainelevator which will now be described. At one end of the separator tank 1are frames 22 on which is journaled a shaft 23 provided with sprocketwheels 24. Passing around said sprocket wheels are chains 25 which alsopass downward into the tank in proximity to the plate 21, and around adrag board 26 attached to the sides of the tank. The said drag board ismounted at an angle and the edges thereof are provided with metallicstraps 27 as shown 111 Fig. 4; the chains 25 travel upon these straps,which are curved at their lower ends to provide bearings for the chains.Extending across the drag board 26, and attached to the sprocket chains25, is a plurality of slats 28 that engage the garbage accumulated onthe plate 21, and carry the same upwardly along the drag board anddeposit it in a spiral conveyer 29.

Y The conveyer 29 is mounted upon the frames 22 and extends over theedge of the tank 1 as shown in Fig. 2, where it is provided with apulley 30 by which it is driven; said conveyer is also provided with achute 31 through which the garbage may fall to the grinder or beaterwhere the second 'step in the process takes place.

The grinder or beater is shown in en larged proportions in Figs. 6 and7. In Fig.

I '1 it is shown adjacent to the tank 1 in which the first step in theprocess takes place as described. It is highly desirable that no.inorganic matter shall enter the grinder. The separator is mounted onthe upper floor of the building, preferably, and the grinder or beateris placed on the next lower floor. After the garbage leaves theseparator, through the chute 31, it contains more or less solid matter,such as large pieces of discarded food products, corn cobs and the like,which must be broken up into fine particles in order to becompletelydried preparatory to being acted upon the naphtha, during theextraction of the grease. The grinder consists of an oblong tank 32 ofsultable proportions and curved at each end. Extending longitudinally inits center is a division wall '33 which does not extend clear to theends of the tank and which forms arace in which the garbage travels. Onone side of the tank 32, and supported in bearings 34, is a beater roll'35 the periphery of which is provided with knives or cutter bars 36which cooperate with stationary knives 37 arranged at the bottom of thebeater roll in a frame 38; these knives cooperating, grind the garbage.Extending from the frame 38 in one direction is an incline 39, and inthe other direction .a circular plate 40. The incline 39 prevents anyforeign matter that might by any possibility pass from the separator,from entering the space between the cutter bars 36 and the knives 37 andthereby avoids damage to said knives. The distance between the cutterbars 36 and the knives '37 is adjusted by a hand wheel 41 which engagesa threaded stem 42 attached to one of the bearings 34. The heater M1135is mounted upon a shaft 43 and is rotated by means of a pulley 44;

During the rotation of said beater roll the garbage held in suspension,having previously been mixed with a sufficient quantity of water, passesbetween the cutter bars 36 and the knives 37 and is thoroughlydisintegrated. The garbage and the water in which it is suspended, aredrawn off through a chute 45leading from an opening 46 in the side ofthe beater tank and which opening is controlled by a slide valve 47 Theopening 46 is preferably located some distance above the bottom of thebeater, as it is not desirable todraw off all the fluid, which wouldprevent the beater from being easily started. The chute 45 leads to aseparating or settling tank 48 located below the beater and providedwith an outlet 49 "controlled by a valve 50, through which the surpluswater is drawn off. The tank 48 is also provided with :an outlet 51controlled by a gate 52 located on the side of the tank and throughwhich the pulp is withdrawn to a storage tank 53 located-below theseparating or settling tank 48. The storage tank 53 is providedwith afalse bottom 54 which leads to a trough 55, located at one end thereof,said tank is also provided with a gate 56 which controls the passage ofthe pulp to the drier which will now be described. The drier consists ofa metal cylinder 57 on the interior of which is arranged a plurality ofvanes 58 and on the exterior of which two rings 59 are placed, which areprovided with bearings on flange wheels 60 mounted on shafts 61. Theshafts 61 are journaled in bearings 62 and are provided with a sprocketor pulley 6-3 by which said shafts are rotated to revolve the dryingcylinder 57. A furnace 64; is located at one end of the drying cylinder,said furnace having a fine 65 which communicates with the interior ofsaid cylinder. At the end at which the flue 65 is placed is located aguide or chute G6 which leads the pulp from the storage tank to theinterior of the drier. Atthe other end of the cylinder is placed aspiral conveyer 67 which carries the dried pulp away from the drier andthus the process is completed. A stack conducts the evaporated waterfrom the pulp as well as the products of combustion from the furnace.

When the gate 56 of the storage tank 53 is opened, the pulp will fallinto the chute 66 and will be guided into the interior of the drier 57,where it will be turned over and over by the revolving vane 58 of ther0- tating drier; meanwhile being exposed to the hot gases from thefurnace 64. As hereinbefore stated, the pulp when introduced to thedrier is in very fine particles, which is due to its being ground in thebeater, therefore the drying will be quick and effective. The forward orstack end of the drier is placed slightly lower than the furnace end,the vanes 58 will therefore work the pulp toward the stack end, where itwill fall into the conveyer 67 to be carried to a storage bin or to thepercolators where the grease is extracted. The storage bin orpercolators need not be further referred to nor are they shown in thedrawings, as they constitute no part of the process or apparatus.

Having described our invention, we claim:

1. The herein described process of treating garbage for commercialpurposes, which consists in beating the organic and inorganic matter inwater to separate the same, and in further agitating the water below thebeaters to assist the separation, and in finally grinding the organicmatter thus separated and disintegrated in water.

2. The herein described process of treating garbage for commercialpurposes, which consists in agitating, beating and separating in waterthe organic and inorganic matter, in further agitating the organic andinorganic matter in the water to assist the separation, and in grindingthe organic matter after its removal from the water, substantially asspecified.

3. The herein described process of treating garbage for commercialpurposes, consisting first in beating the organic and inorganic matterin a body of water to separate the same, secondly, in further agitatingthe water below the heaters to assist the separation, thirdly, ingrinding the organic matter into pulp, and fourthly, in separating thepulp from any excess of liquid, substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof we afiix our signatures, in presence of twowitnesses.

JAMES W. ALTICK. WILLIAM T. WUICHET. Witnesses:

R. J. MoGARrY, MATTHEW SIEBLER.

